Data handling system error and fault detecting and discriminating maintenance arrangement

ABSTRACT

A maintenance arrangement responds to a false signal condition, produced by a data handling system, by recycling the timing generator controlling the data handling system to cause the signals in question to be repeated. In order to determine whether the false signal condition occurred only momentarily or remains present during the recycle operation, two types of detecting circuits are provided. Error detecting circuits respond if the false signal condition has a single occurrence, and does not remain present during the recycle operation and thus is interpreted as an error condition caused by the spurious introduction of noise pulses or the like, and fault detecting circuits respond if the false signal condition continues to be present or reappearing during the recycle operation to indicate a fault condition and to request other equipment to service the data handling system. Also, the maintenance arrangement designates the group of signals resulting in the false signal condition by storing group-identifying information in the memory of the data handling system so that the servicing equipment can determine the source of the problem. A register of the data handling system storing information relating to the group of signals resulting in the false condition is inhibited from being altered by the maintenance arrangement, which sets a freeze indicator in such a register so that all other information stored therein is preserved for use by the servicing equipment.

United States Patent Caputo et al.

[ Jan. 8, 1974 1 DATA HANDLING SYSTEM ERROR AND FAULT DETECTING AND DISCRIMINATING MAINTENANCE ARRANGEMENT [75] Inventors: James P. Caputo, Chicago; Fred A.

Weber, Glen Ellyn, both of I11.

[73] Assignee: GTE Automatic Electric Laboratories Incorporated, Northlake, Ill.

[22] Filed: July 12, 1972 [21] Appl. No.: 270,909

[52] US. Cl. 235/153 AK [51] Int. Cl. G06f 11/04 [58] Field of Search 235/153 AK, 153 AE,

235/153 A; 340/l46.l AX, 146.] BA, 172.5; 179/1752 R, 175.2 C, 15 BF OTHER PUBLICATIONS Bell System Technical Journal, Volume 48, No. 8, October 1969, pages 2606-2618, 2640-2643, 2658-2664, 2762-2797.

Primary ExaminerCharles E. Atkinson Attorney Bernard E. Franz BY PAT H t INCOMING TRUNKS I 1 we e REGISTER JUNCTORS BY PATH |4 I15 TERMINATING JUNCTORS [57] 7 ABSTRACT A maintenance arrangement responds to'a false signal condition, produced by a data handling system, by recycling the timing generator controlling the data handling system to cause the signals in question to be repeated-In order to determine whether the false signal condition occurred only momentarily or remains present during the recycle operation, two types of detecting circuits are provided. Error detecting circuits respond if the false signal condition has a single occurrence, and does not remain present during the recycle operation and thus is interpreted as an error condition caused by the spurious introduction of noise pulses or the like, and fault detecting circuits respond if the false signal condition continues to be present or reappearing during the recycle operation to indicate a fault condition and to request other equipment to service the data handling system. Also, the maintenance arrangement designates the group of signals resulting in the false signal condition by storing group-identifying information in the memory of the data handling system so that the servicing equipment can determine the source of the problem. A register of the data handling system storing information relating to the group of signals resulting in the false condition is inhibited from being altered by the maintenance arrangement, which sets a freeze indicator in such a register so that all other information stored therein is preserved for use by the servicing equipment.

15 Claims, 16 Drawing Figures MAINTENANCE CONTROL UNIT V DEVICE O BUFFER COMMUNICATION REGlSTER CENTRAL PROCESSOR MAIN CORE MEMORY CONTROL DRUM CONTROL UNIT R REG. SENDER CENTRAL CONTROL RPC PROCESS CONTROLLER RRC REGISTER CONTROLLER FROM RCM TO 320A RRB RWT ROT READ RSC WRITE SENDER V TRANSFER CONTROLLER RIC INFORMATION STORE RCB CARRY BUFFER /FROM RJIVI INTERFACE JUNCTOR MULTIPLEX RIVIM m GI SHEET OSOF 13 PATENTED JAN 8 1914 .N N ENN Ii PATENTEDJAH mm 3784.801

. sum near 13' ADDRESS DATA F IG 6A PROCESSING 2 /92 SPA RE R5 MEMORY L A Y0 U T z 20/ (MAINTENANCE) Z 2 02 M/S c MAINTENANCE Z203 SNAPSHOT 55 SPARE FIG. 6 C

R5 MEMORY LAYOUT 1:202

H G F- E ERR C T Z fire-x5) DL R 0 944 FIFF RYE-X4 5 RED TO EN RSP LEVZ 962 MEM RT6-X5 D- R 0 RSP FFF FREEZE Pmmwm slam 3.784;,801

sum 12% 13 Z RECYCE COUNTER START WIW6 RESET ROM RPI X RECYCE COUNTER IIIO EN RSP LEVZ USE Y3 RTG- ZZOI INBT COMP S TART XRC CCP INHIBIT EN R PLEV5 START TO RMA WRITE mousLs WORD WRITE ERR WORD S SC I RTG-WII DSSC I RSP LEVEL COUNTER AND WRITE THE 1 ERR 8 RMA ADDRESS GENERATOR EN RSP LEV 5 DATA HANDLING SYSTEM ERROR AND FAULT DETECTING AND DISCRIMINATING MAINTENANCE ARRANGEMENT FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an error and fault detecting and discriminating arrangement for a data handling system, and it more particularly relates to an arrangement which distinguishes between fault conditions and error conditions in response to false signal conditions present in a data handling system.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART Data handling or processing systems have been employed for many different purposes and have generated handling or processing signals for controlling a desired operation. Maintenance apparatus has been used to detect false signal conditions present in the data handling system. One technique for detecting a false signal condition has been to provide a pair of identical data handlers operating synchronously and performing the same function in a duplicated manner, whereby the pair of handlers produce pairs of signals and the maintenance apparatus compares the signals to determine whether a mismatch or disagreement has occurred between any one or more of the pairs of corresponding signals. Such a mismatch or disagreement constitutes a false signal condition. It would be highly desirable to have a maintenance arrangement which can also determine in an efficient and reliable manner if the mismatch is a momentary self-correcting error condition caused by noise or other spurious conditions, or is a more permanent fault condition requiring service by other equipment. In the case of a fault condition, it would be desirable also to have such a maintenance arrangement which can identify the group of signals resulting in the false signal condition to facilitate in the servicing thereof.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of this invention is to provide a new and improved maintenance arrangement for detecting error and fault conditions occurring in a data handling system.

Another object of this invention is to provide such a new and improved maintenance arrangement which identifies the group of signals causing the false signal condition and requests the services of other equipment to diagnose the fault condition.

According to the invention, there is provided a maintenance arrangement, which responds to a false signal condition occurring among data handling signals produced by a data handling system to recycle a timing generator controlling the system so that the signals are reproduced, and error detecting circuits respond to the absence of the false signal condition during the recycle operation to indicate a momentarily-caused error condition. Fault detecting circuits respond to the false signal condition continuing to be present or reappearing during the recycle operation for indicating a fault condition and for requesting other equipment to service the data handling system. Also, the maintenance equipment designates the group of signals resulting in the false signal condition by storing group-identifying information in the memory of the data handling system so that the servicing equipment can more readily determine the source of the problem. In the disclosed embodiment of the present invention, the data handling system is a common-control communication switching system having common logic circuits shared on a time division multiplex basis during recurring time slots by a plurality of processing registers. The maintenance arrangement of the present invention identifies the group of signals resulting in the false signal condition by causing the storage in separate randomly-accessible maintenance registers information identifying the processing register associated with the signals among which occurred the error or fault condition. According to another feature of the invention, the information stored in the processing register associated with faulty signals, is inhibited from being altered by setting a bit of information (designated the freeze bit) therein, whereby during subsequent multiplex cycles of operation the freeze bit causes the information stored in that register to remain unaltered. As a result, the servicing equipment can utilize the information preserved in such a register to aid in diagnosing the malfunction.

CROSS-REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS AND TO INVENTIONS DISCLOSED HEREIN The memory access, and the priority and interrupt circuits for the register-sender common-control subsystem are covered by U.S. Pat. application Ser. No. 139,480 filed May 3, I971, now U.S. Pat. No. 3,729,715 issued Apr. 24, I973, by C. K. Buedel for a DIGITAL PROCESSING SYSTEM, hereinafter referred to as the REGISTER-SENDER MEMORY CONTROL patent application. Other portions of the register-sender subsystem are disclosed in U.S. Pat. ap plication Ser. No. 201,851 filed Nov. 24, 1971, now U.S. Pat. No. 3,737,873 issued June 5, 1973, by S. E. Puccini for a DATA PROCESSOR WITH CYCLIC SE- QUENTIAL ACCESS TO MULTIPLEXED LOGIC AND MEMORY, hereinafter referred to as the REGIS- TER-SENDER patent application.

In addition to the invention claimed herein, there is disclosed several other inventions relating to the maintenance arrangement by inventive entities including one or more of the following and possibly others: C. K. Buedel, J. P. Caputo and G. OToole. These inventions include but are not limited to the recycle operation, trouble word, service bit, snapshot operation, and data collection.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. I is a block diagram of the maintenance and memory control of the register-sender subsystem incorporating the principles of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a communication switching system incorporating the preferred embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the register-sender subsystem;

FIG. 4 is a more detailed block diagram of a portion of the register-sender subsystem;

FIG. 5 is a timing diagram showing the timing signals provided by the timing generator of the register-sender subsystem;

FIG. 6 comprising FIGS. 6A, 6B and 6C illustrate the arrangement of information in the memory of the register-sender subsystem; and

FIGS. 7 through 12 when arranged as indicated in FIG. 13 comprise a functional block diagram of the maintenance control arrangement portion of FIG. 1.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Referring now to the drawings, and more particularly to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 thereof, there is shown a system which incorporates the principles of the present invention. The system as shown in FIG. 2 includes a registeFsender subsystem RS, and as shown in FIG. 3, the common control portion of the register-sender subsystem RS serves as a data handler and is duplicated with both portions operating in synchronism with one another to perform identical data-handling operations for reliability and flexibility purposes. As shown in FIG. 1, the register-sender subsystem RS includes a maintenance and memory control RMM in duplicated form for providing maintenance control and memory access.

As shown in the block diagram of FIG. 1, the RMM frame comprises some maintenance circuits and some of the common logic circuits for call processing. The maintenance circuits consist of a maintenance control unit RMU, a maintenance data selector and parity generator RSP, and a maintenance comparator RCP. The purpose of the maintenance circuits is to supervise overall operation of the common logic circuits of the register-sender subsystem and to accomplish certain maintenance routines under hardware control and direction of the data processing unit.

The maintenance control unit RMU controls the overall operation of maintenance functions with one of the common logic units and is therefore duplexed, comprising unit RMU-A for operation with the common logic A units, and a corresponding unit as part of RMM-B.

The duplexed maintenance data selector and parity circuits RSP-A and the corresponding unit in block RMM-B has several functions. It selects which data is to be compared during the cycle and gates it to comparison gates, and gates maintenance signals that have to be stored in memory. The unit RSP also generates parity for data and address information going to memory.

The maintenance comparator RCP is a simplex unit which compares the data sent to it from the duplicated RSP units.

The main purpose of the simplex interface circuit RSI is to provide interface between the register sender subsystem and a maintenance unit MCC (FIG. 2). In addition to this interface purpose, the circuit also controls the selection of timing signals depending upon the number of register junctors which are busy, for fast or slow time out.

The register timing generator comprising unit RTG-A and a corresponding unit in block RMM-B supplies timing pulses for the multiplex operation of the register-sender subsystem.

The, unit RlS-A and a corresponding unit in block R'MM-B operate with the sender-receiver multiplex circuit RSM to provide the multiplex functions between the common logic and the senders and receivers.

The memory access circuit RMA-A and the corresponding duplex unit in block RMM-B provides the access to core memory on a multiplex basis. It provides data multiplex, address multiplex and command multiplex (start read/start write). Output to the registersender core memory RCM is on a data bus, address bus and command bus shown as cable 322A (FIG. 1). Multiplex commands are controlled by the RPI circuit.

The duplexed priority interrupt circuit RPI-A and the corresponding unit in block RMM-B has the basic control of memory during all operations except maintenance. On a priority basis it determines which source of data and address will be allowed to access memory, generates the read and write commands for call processing, controls writing hardwired data, and controls interrupts sent to the data processing unit. All of these functions are duplexed and checked by the maintenance circuits.

The priority interrupt circuit RPI and the memory access circuit RMA are described in detail in said REGIS- TER-SENDER MEMORY CONTROL patent application.

GENERAL SYSTEM DESCRIPTION The telephone switching system is shown in FIG. 2. The system is disclosed in said REGISTER-SENDER patent application, and also in said REGISTER- SENDER MEMORY CONTROL patent application. The system comprises a switching portion comprising a plurality of line groups such as line group 110, a plurality of selector groups such as selector group 120, a plurality of trunk-register groups such as group 150, a plurality of originating markers, such as marker 160, and a plurality of terminating markers such as marker 170; and a control portion which includes registersender groups such as RS, data processing unit DPU, and a maintenance control center 140. The line group includes reed-relay switching network stages A, B, C and R for providing local lines LOGO-L999 with a means of accessing the system for originating calls and for providing a means of terminating calls destined for local customers. The trunk-register group also includes reed-relay switching networks A and B to provide access for incoming trunks 152 to connect them to the register-sender, the trunks also being connected to selector inlets. The selector group 120 forms an intermediate switch and may be considered the call distribution center of the system, which routes calls appearing on its inlets from line groups or from incoming trunks to appropriate destinations, such as local lines or outgoing trunks to other offices, by way of reed-relay switching stages A, B and C. Thus the line group 110, the trunk-register groups 150, and the selector group 120 form the switching network for this system and provide full-metallic paths through the office for signaling and transmission.

The originating marker provides high-speed control of the switching network to connect calls entering the system to the register-sender 200. The terminating markers control the switching networks of the selector group 120 for establishing connections therethrough; and ifa call is to be terminated at a local customers line in the office then the terminating marker sets up a connection through both the selector group 120 and the line group 110 to the local line.

The register-sender RS provides for receiving and storing of incoming digits and for outpulsing digits to distant offices, when required. Incoming digits in the dial pulse mode, in the form of dual tone (touch) calling multifrequency signals from local lines, or in the form of multifrequency signals from incoming trunks are accommodated by the register-sender. A group of register junctors RRJ function as peripheral units as an interface between the switching network and the common logic circuits of the register-sender. The ferrite core memory RCM stores the digital information under the control of a common logic 202. Incoming digits may be supplied from the register junctors via a senderreceiver matrix RSX and tone receivers 302-303 to a common logic, or may be received in dial pulse mode directly from the register junctors. Digits may be outpulsed by dial pulse generators directly from a register junctor or multifrequency senders 301 which are selectively connected to the register junctors via the senderreceiver matrix RSX. The common logic control 202, and the core memory RCM form the register apparatus of the system, and provide a pool of registers for storing call processing information received via the registerjunctors RRJ. The information is stored in the core memory RCM on a time-division multiplex sequential access basis, and the memory RCM can be accessed by other subsystems such as the data processor unit 130 on a random access basis.

The data processor unit DPU provides stored program computer control for processing calls through the system. Instructions provided by the unit DPU are utilized by the register-sender RS and other subsystems for processing and routing of the call. The unit DPU includes a drum memory 131 for storing, among other information, the equipment number information for translation purposes. A pair of drum control units, such as the unit 132 cooperate with a main core memory 133 and control the drum 131. A central processor 135 accesses the register-sender RS and communicates with the main core memory 133 to provide the computer control for processing calls through the system. A communication register 134 transfers information between the central processor and the originating markers 1160 and terminating markers 170. An input/output device buffer 136 and a maintenance control unit I37 transfer information from the maintenance control center 140.

The line group 110 in addition to the switching stages includes originating junctors 113 and terminating junctors 115. On an originating call the line group provides concentration from the line terminals to the originating junctor. Each originating junctor provides the split between calling and called parties while the call is being established, thereby providing a separate path for signaling. On a terminating call, the line group 1110 provides expansion from the terminating junctors to the called line. The terminatingjunctors provide ringing control, battery feed, and line supervision for calling and called lines. An originating junctor is used for every call originating from a local line and remains in the connection for the duration of the call. The originatingjunctor extends the calling line signaling path to the register junctor RRJ of the register-sender RS, and at the same time provides a separate signaling path from the register-sender to the selector group 120 for outpulsing, when required. The originating junctor isolates the calling line until cut-through is effected, at which time the calling party is switched through to the selector group inlet. The originating junctor is used for every call terminating on a local line and remains in the connection for the duration of the call.

The selector group 120 is the equipment group which provides intermediate mixing and distribution of the traffic from various incoming trunks and junctors on its inlets to various outgoing trunks and junctors on its outlets.

The markers used in the system are electronic units which control the selection of idle paths in the establishing of connections through the matrices, as explained more fully in said marker patent application. The originating marker 160 detects calls for service in the line and/or trunk register group 150, and controls the selection of idle paths and the establishment of connections through these groups. On line originated calls, the originating marker detects calls for service in the line matrix, controls path selection between the line and originating junctors and between originating junctors and register junctors. On incoming trunk calls the originating marker 160 detects calls for service in the incoming trunks connected to the trunk register group 1150 and controls path selection between the incoming trunks 152 and register junctors RRJ.

The terminating marker 170 controls the selection of idle path in the establishing of connections for terminating calls. The terminating marker 170 closes a matrix access circuit which connects the terminating marker to the selector group 120 containing a call-forservice, and if the call is terminated in a local line, the terminating marker 170 closes another access circuit which in turn connects the marker to the line group 1110. The marker connects an inlet of the selector group to an idle junctor or trunk circuit. If the call is to an idle line the terminating marker selects an idle terminating junctor and connects it to a line group inlet, as well as connecting it to a selector group inlet. For this purpose the appropriate idle junctor is selected and a path through the line group and the selector group is established.

The data processor unit is the central coordinating unit and communication hub for the system. It is in essence a general purpose computer with special inputoutput and maintenance features which enable it to process data. The data processing unit includes control of: the originating process communication (receipt of line identity, etc.), the translation operation, route selection, and the terminating process communication. The translation operation includes: class-of-service look-up, inlet-to-directory number translation, matrix outlet-to-matrix inlet translation, code translation and certain special feature translations.

TYPICAL CALLS LOCAL LINE-TO-LOCAL LINE CALL When a customer goes off-hook, the DC. line loop is closed, causing the line correed of his line circuit to be operated. This action constitutes seizure of the central office switching equipment, and initiates a call-forservice.

After an originating marker has identified the calling line equipment number, has preselected an idle path, and has identified the R unit outlet, this information is loaded into the marker communication register and sent to the data processor unit via its communication transceiver.

While sending line number identity (LNI) and route data to the data processor, the marker operates and tests the path from the calling line to the register junctor. The closed loop from the calling station operates the register junctor pulsing relay, contacts of this relay are coupled to a multiplex pulsing highway.

The data processor unit, upon being informed of a call origination, enters the originating phase.

As previously stated, the data frame (block of information) sent by the marker includes the equipment identity of the originator, originating junctor and register junctor, plus control and status information. The control and status information is used by the data processor control program in selecting the proper function to be performed on the data frame.

The data processor analyzes the data frame sent to it, and from it determines the register junctor identity. A register junctor translation is required because there is no direct relationship between the register junctor identity as found by the marker and the actual register junctor identity. The register junctor number specifies a unique cell of storage in the core memories of both the register-sender and the data processor, and is used to identify the call as it is processed by the remaining call processing programs.

Once the register junctor identity is known, the data frame is stored in the data processors call history table (addressed by register junctor number), and the register-sender is notified that an origination has been processed to the specified register junctor.

Upon detecting the pulsing highway and a notification from the data processor that an origination has been processed to the specified register junctor, the central control circuits of the register-sender sets up a hold ground in the register junctor. The marker, after observing the register junctor hold ground and that the network is holding, disconnects from the matrix. The entire marker operation takes approximately 75 milliseconds.

Following the register junctor translation, the data processor performs a class-of-service translation. included in the class-of-service is information concerning party test, coin test, type of ready-to-receive signaling such as dial tone required, type of receiver (if any) required, billing and routing, customer special features, and control information used by the digit analysis and terminating phase of the call processing function. The control information indicates total number of digits to be received before requesting the first dialed pattern translation, pattern recognition field of special prefix or access codes, etc.

The class-of-service translation is initiated by the same marker-to-data processor data frame that initiated the register junctor translation, and consists of retrieving from drum memory the originating class-ofservice data by an associative search, keyed on the originator's LNI (line number identity). Part of the class-of-service information is stored in the call history table (in the data processor unit core memory), and part of it is transferred to the register-sender core memory where it is used to control the register junctor.

Before the transfer of data to the register-sender memory takes place, the class-of-service information is first analyzed to see if special action is required (e.g., non-dial lines or blocked originations). The register junctor is informed of any special services the call it is handling must have. This is accomplished by the data processor loading the results of the class-of-service translation into the register-sender memory words associated with the register junctor.

After a tone receiver connection (if required), the register junctor returns dial tone and the customer proceeds to key (touch calling telephone sets) or dial the directory number of the desired party. (Party test on ANI lines is performed at this time.)

The register junctor pulse repeating correed follows the incoming pulses (dial pulse call assumed), and repeats them to the register-sender central control circuit (via a lead multiplex). The accumulated digits are stored in the register-sender core memory.

In this example, a local line without special features is assumed. The register-sender requests a translation after collecting the first three digits. At this point, the data processor enters the second major phase of the call processing function the digit analysis phase.

The digit analysis phase includes all functions that are performed on incoming digits in order to provide a route for the terminating process phase of the call processing function. The major inputs for this phase are the dialed digits received by the register-sender and the originators class-of-service which was retrieved and stored in the call history table by the originating process phase. The originating class-of-service and the routing plan that is in effect is used to access the correct data tables and provide the proper interpretation of the dialed digits and the proper route for local terminating (this example) or outgoing calls.

Since a local-to-local call is being described (assumed), the data processor will instruct the registersender to accumulate a total of seven digits and request a second translation. The register-sender continues collecting and storing the incoming digits until a total of seven digits have been stored. At this point, the register-sender requests a second translation from the data processor.

For this call, the second translation is the final translation, the result of which will be the necessary instructions to switch the call through to its destination. This information is assembled in the dedicated call history table in the data processor core memory. Control is transferred to the terminating process phase.

The terminating process phase is the third (and final) major phase of the call processing function. Sufficient information is gathered to instruct the terminating marker to establish a path from the selector matrix inlet to either a terminating local line (this example) or a trunk group. This information plus control information (e.g., ringing code) is sent to the tenninating marker.

On receipt of a response from the terminating marker, indicating its attempt to establish the connection was successful, the data processor instructs the register-sender to cut through the originating junctor and disconnect on local calls (or begin sending on trunk calls). The disconnect of the register-sender completes the data processor call processing function. The following paragraphs describe the three-way interworking of the data processor, terminating marker, and the register-sender as the data frame is sent to the terminating marker, the call is forwarded to the called party and terminated.

A check is made of the idle state of the data processor communication register, and a tenninating marker. If both are idle, the data processor writes into registersender core memory that this register junctor is working with a terminating market. All routing information is then loaded into the communication register and sent to the terminating marker in a serial communication.

The register-sender now monitors the ST lead (not shown) to the network, awaiting a ground to be provided by the terminating marker.

The marker checks the called line to see if it is idle. If it is idle, the marker continues its operation. These operations include the pulling and holding of a connection from the originating junctor to the called line via the selector matrix, a terminating junctor, and the line matrix.

Upon receipt of the ground signal on the ST lead from the terminating marker, the register-sender returns a ground on the ST lead to hold the terminating path to the terminating junctor.

When the operation of the matrices has ben verified by the marker, it releases then informs thehe data processor of the identity of the path and that the connection has been established. The data processor recognizes from the terminating class that no further extension of this call is required. It then addresses the register-sender core memory with instructions to switch the originating path through the originating junctor.

The register junctor signals the originating junctor to switch through, releasing the R matrix. The originating junctor remains held by the terminating junctor via the selector matrix.

REGlSTER-SENDER SUBSYSTEM Referring to FIGS. 2 and 3, the register-sender RS subsystem is a time-shared common control unit with the ability to register and process 192 calls simultaneously from local lines or incoming trunks. The register-sender RS provides the electronic time-shared register apparatus for receiving and storing incoming digits, and pulse generating sender circuitry to forward a call toward its destination. In this regard, the registersender RS generally includes a plurality of register junctors RRJO-RRJ191 which are space-divided electromechanical access circuits for providing an interface between the switching matrices of the system and the time-shared register apparatus, which includes the electronic logic of a common logic control 202, and a ferrite-core memory RCM to store digits to be received and sent via the register junctors RRJ and supervisory information pertaining to the calls under the control of the common logic control 202. A sender-receiver matrix RSX selectively connects a plurality of tone receivers and senders 301-303 to the register junctors RRJ for signaling modes other than the dial pulse mode which is provided for by the register junctors RR].

The time-shared common logic control 202 of the register-sender is duplicated and runs identical operations in synchronism with one another. Under normal conditions, both sets of time-shared equipment are partially active, one set controlling one-half of the register junctors RR] and the other set controlling the remaining half of the register junctors RRJ. In case of equipment faults, either set of time-shared equipment can control all of the register junctors RRJ.

The space-divided equipment of the register-sender includes the register junctors RRJ, the senders and receivers, and the sender-receiver matrix RSX. The register junctors RRJ with their associated multiplex equipment RJM provide an interface between the spacedivided matrix outlets connected to the register junctors RR] and the time-shared common logic control 202. The sender-receiver matrix RSX provides a metallic path from the register junctors RRJ to the tone senders and receivers under the control of the common logic control 202. The senders 301 provide for sending in the multifrequency mode, and the receivers provide for receiving in either the touch-calling multifrequency mode from the local lines or the multifrequency mode from the incoming trunks 152.

The register junctors RRJ are the entry and exit point of the register-sender for information transferred between the switching network and the register-sender. The register junctors enable the register-sender to provide the following features: dial pulse receiving and sending, coin and party testing, line busy, dial tone, and reorder tone application. The incoming and outgoing matrix paths are held by the register junctors RRJ during call processing. The register junctors comprise electromechanical components for compatibility with lines, trunks, and switching network circuits, however they also include electronic interfacing circuits which are similar to those in the markers for compatibility with the electronic common logic control 202. Signals from lines, trunks, and network circuits are received by the register junctors and forwarded to the common logic control for processing.

The common logic control 202 contains the control logic for call processing by the register sender 200. The purpose of the common logic control 202 is to perform all functions associated with receiving, sending, and timing of digits, and to control processing of calls by generating commands for other circuits in the registersender and for the switching network. Since the common logic control 202 operates on a time-shared basis to store call processing information in the memory RCM, the common logic control 202 has the ability to register and process 192 simultaneous calls. The common logic control works closely with the core memory RCM which together form the register apparatus of the present invention, and which provides storage of information concerning the calls in progress and information relating to the data processor unit 130.

The core memory RCM is a conventional ferrite core memory, which need not be disclosed in detail. The memory RCM automatically restores the information in the same cores after a read operation, and it likewise automatically clears the information from the cores immediately prior to writing information into them. It is to be understood that the memory RCM could also be any suitable type of non-destructive read-out memory.

The common logic control 202 of FIG. 2 includes duplicated pairs of electronic logic units. As shown in FIG. 3 the common logic comprises a duplicated pair of central control units RCC-A and RCC-B, duplicated core memories RCM-A and RCC-B, and a maintenance and memory control which comprises a duplicated pair of units RMM-A and RMM-B. The units are provided in duplicate for reliability purposes, and each of the duplicated units functions independently as described hereinafter in greater detail. The central control units are connected to the register junctors via an R] multiplex unit RIM, and the senders and receivers 301-303 are connected to the maintenance and memory control unit via sender-receiver multiplex unit RSM. The central control unit RCC-A along with core memory RCM-A comprises one frame of equipment, and similarly the units RCC-B and RCM-B are another frame of equipment, while the maintenance control units RMM-A and RMM-B together comprise a frame. The multiplex units each comprise several frames of equipment. The different frames are interconnected via cables which together with driver and receiver circuits as terminations form DC links between the frames.

The timing relationship of the outputs of the register timing generator (FIG. 1) are shown in graphical form in FIG. 5. The timing signals are produced by X, Y and Z generator pulse distributors (not shown), and the timing can be summarized as follows:

a. A IO-millisecond register-sender cycle time;

b. The overall cycle (IOms) divided into 202 time slot pulses Z through Z201 (49.5 microseconds each), 192 of which are used for call processing and of which are reserved for maintenance purposes;

c. Each time slot pulse divided into I l sub-time slot pulses Yl-Yl l (5.5 microseconds each) 9 of which are utilized during each time slot pulse of normal call processing, mode A being shown on the chart for time slot 20, and mode B being shown for time slot Z1;

d. Each sub-time slot pulse divided into 55 W pulses 0.l microseconds each) comprising five pulses Xl-XS of LI microseconds each, each divided into 11 W pulses WI-Wll of 0.1 microseconds each. The 55 combinations of X and W timing pulses can be utilized for accessing the memory and different logic circuits during various different times of a single sub-time slot.

The memory address comprises 12 bits of which bits MA4-MA11 designate the Z time slot corresponding to a particular register junctor, bits MAl, MA2 and MA3 designate a particular row of memory of the eight rows assigned to a register junctor and the right or left hand word store ofa row is determined by a bit MAO which is obtained from a flip-flop (not shown) in the register priority and interrupt circuit RPI. Note from the subtime slot decoding arrangement that sub-time slots Y9, Y10 and Yll have the same memory addresses respectively as sub-time slots Y1, Y2 and Y3; and that the decoded outputs are differentiated by the fact that flipflop YCM (not shown) of the register timing generator is in the set condition for sub-time slots Y9, Yl0 and Y1 l.

The circuits of the frame RCC-A are shown in the block diagram of FIG. 4. As shown in FIG. 4, the read buffer RRB is a 52-bit register. This circuit is used for temporary storage of two words from a row of the register-sender core memory. The registers are latch circuits that make the data available to the controller circuits, the carry buffer circuits, and the write transfer circuits. The latches correspond to the positions of memory,

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T wr t ransfcr c sy Tiom risssfib slective input devices. There are eight sets of inputs and a clear memory circuit used to present data to the memory access circuits RMA. The write transfer circuit RWT can have as its source the different controllers shown in FIG. 4. The outputs from the write transfer circuit RWT are multiplexed with other sources by circuit RMA for writing into the core memories RCM.

The process controller RPC is used to control the process of a call. This unit takes information from the first row (sub-time slot Y1) of a core memory block and information from the register junctors via the multiplex circuit RIM and RU. The controller RPC furnishes much ofits data to the carry buffer RCB for controlling other memory word operations. Changes of this processing information are restored to the memory during sub-time slot Y9. The RPC processor also generates the call processing interrupts to the data processing unit.

The register controller RRC is used to manipulate register junctor information, primarily for call origination functions. This unit takes its information from row two of the memory, from the carry buffer RC B, and the multiplex circuits RIM and RSM. The processor RRC controls the dial tone application, party testing, digit reception, and start dial signal controls. The results of the data from the RRC processor are used for manipulation in other controllers via the carry buffer RC B, for origination identification from the register junctors via the multiplex circuits RJM, via the multiplex circuits for digit reception, or is written back into memory for storage and later use.

The sender controller RSC is used to manipulate register junctor information primarily for call termination and sending functions. The processor RSC deals with information found in row 3 of the memory. This controller contains information as to start dial signals, method of digit sending, the digit being sent and the pulse count that has been sent of pulse digit; and the sequence of digit sending as to prefix digits, called number and calling number information.

The information storage controller RIC is used for data manipulation in rows 4, 5, 6, 7, and possibly 8 of the memory. The information that is handled consists of digit loading, shifting, retrieval and pattern recognition to and from appropriate places in core memory. Further data is used to set up special actions when particular conditions are recognized.

The carry buffer RC8 is a series of latch circuits. Thereare 60 carry buffer latches. The majority of these latches are used to transfer bits of information from one call processing controller to another controller during different sub-time slots of a time slot period. The normal carry buffer information is not carried over from one RRJ time slot to another with exception of the BY latch, which indicates that a sender or receiver connection is in progress and prevents any other from attempting a connection until completion of the first.

The interface junctor multiplex unit RIJ operates with the junctor multiplex circuits RJM of FIG. 3 for multiplex to and from the register junctors.

REGISTER-SENDER MEMORY LAYOUT Referring now to FIG. 6 comprising FIGS. 6A, 6B and 6C, there is shown the arrangement of information for the memory RCM of the register-sender subsystem RS. As shown in FIG. 6A, there are 256 blocks of information, each block being assigned an individual Z designation number. However, only blocks 20 through Z201 are assigned a Z time slot pulse, and thus only blocks Z0 through 2201 are accessed in a cyclical time division multiplex manner, and the remaining memory blocks Z202 through Z255 are randomly accessible by the unit DPU and the register sender RS. The blocks designated Z0 through Z191 store normal call processing information, and the blocks 2192 through Z201 are spare blocks which may be used for maintenance purposes, and which may be used by the unit DPU to store information therein to simulate a call processing memory block for maintenance purposes. Certain maintenance words are stored in the block Z202, and the block Z203 stores snapshot data utilized for mainte- 

1. A maintenance arrangement for a data handling system producing data handling signals, servicing equipment being associated with said system for diagnostic purposes; wherein said data handling system includes memory means, a plurality of registers sharing control logic circuits on a time division multiplex basis, said memory means including sets of storage elements, said plurality of registers each including a block of said storage elements, said data handling signals comprising a plurality of groups of said data handling signals, each one of said groups being individually associated with each one of said registers; said arrangement comprising: recycling means responsive to a false signal condition occurring among said data handling signals for causing said data handling system to reproduce said data handling signals; error detecting means responsive to the absence of said false signal condition recurring among said reproduced data handling signals for designating an error condition; nd fault detecting means responsive to said false signal condition recurring among said reproduced data handling signals for designating a fault condition and for requesting said servicing equipment.
 2. An arrangement according to claim 1, wherein said error detecting means causes an error count request interrupt signal to be supplied to said servicing equipment for counting purposes in response to an error condition.
 3. An arrangement according to claim 2, wherein said error detecting means includes means to store error count word information in said memory means, said error count word information designating one of said registers with data handling signals among which occurred said false signal condition.
 4. An arrangement according to claim 3, wherein said data handling system comprises a pair of data handlers operating in synchronism and producing pairs of duplicated data handling signals, comparing means for generating a mismatch signal indicative of a disagreement between the signals of a pair of said data handling signals to cause said recycling means to initiate its operation, said disagreement being said false signal condition.
 5. An arrangement according to claim 4, wherein said error detecting means comprises a write error latch circuit.
 6. An arrangement according to claim 4, wherein said fault detecting means causes a fault interrupt signal to be supplied to said servicing equipment for requesting service therefrom in response to a fault condition.
 7. An arrangement according to claim 6, wherein said fault detecting means causes snapshot information to be conveyed to said memory means for storage therein, said snapshot information designating a group of data handling signals among which occurred said false signal condition.
 8. An arrangement according to claim 7, wherein said snapshot information identifies one of said registers.
 9. An arrangement according to claim 8, wherein said fault detecting means comprises a snapshot request latch circuit.
 10. An arrangement according to claim 9, further including logic circuit means responsive to a fault condition for generating a freeze bit signal to prevent information from changing in one of said registers associated with data handling signals causing said false signal condition.
 11. An arrangement according to claim 10, wherein said logic circuit means includes means responsive to said servicing equipment for generating alternatively said freeze bit.
 12. An arrangement according to claim 1, wherein said fault detecting means causes a fault interrupt signal to be supplied to said servicing equipment for requesting service therefrom in response to a fault condition.
 13. An arrangement according to claim 1, further including logic circuit means responsive to a fault condition for generating a freeze bit signal to prevent information from changing in one of said registers associated with data handling signals causing said false signal condition.
 14. An arrangement according to claim 13, wherein said logic circuit means responds to said servicing equipment for generating alternatively said freeze bit.
 15. An arrangement according to claim 1, wherein said data handling system comprises a pair of data handlers operating in synchronism and producing pairs of duplicated data handling signals, comparing means for generating a mismatch signal indicative of a disagreement between the signals of a pair of sad data handling signals to cause said recycling means to initiate its operation, said disagreement being said false signal condition. 